Stargate SG-1: Difference between revisions

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Due to prior engagements, [[Claudia Black]] of ''[[Farscape]]'' fame could not accept the offers to guest-star on ''Stargate SG-1'' until the season 8 episode {{ep|Prometheus Unbound}}.<ref name=sg_mag_april07>{{Cite journal |title=Vala Unveiled |journal=[[Official Stargate Magazine]] |pages=20–21 |date=April 2006}}</ref> The producers liked the on-screen chemistry between Black's Vala Mal Doran and Shanks's Daniel so much that they re-introduced her in a six-episode story arc to cover for the maternity leave of Amanda Tapping at the beginning of season 9.<ref name="Rudolph 41">{{Cite journal |last=Rudolph |first=Illeane |title=Black Is Back |journal=TV Guide |issue=February 27 – March 5, 2006 |pages=41 |date=February 27, 2006}}</ref> At the same time, Richard Dean Anderson left the show to spend more time with his daughter (his schedule had been reduced incrementally since season 6).<ref>Gibson 2003, p. 66, p. 117.</ref> The role of the leading man was filled with [[Ben Browder]] (also of ''Farscape'' fame), who had met with the ''Stargate'' producers as soon as the introduction of new main characters for season 9 was discussed.<ref name=tvzones64_12>{{Cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven | title=Ben Browder – Work in progress |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 64 |pages=12–16 |date=July 2005}}</ref> The producers had met him during sci-fi conventions and had previously discussed casting him in other ''Stargate'' roles.<ref name=making_901>{{cite web |last=Mallozzi |first=Joseph |authorlink=Joseph Mallozzi |url=http://www.gateworld.net/sg1/s9/making/901.shtml |title=In the Making – Avalon Part 1 |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |date = July 2005|accessdate=2009-03-07}}</ref> The producers approached {{w|Emmy Award|Emmy Award}}-winning actor Beau Bridges directly to play the role of Hank Landry.<ref name=tvzones64_50>{{Cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven |title=Beau Bridges – Helping Bridge the Gap |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 64 |pages=50–52 |date=July 2005}}</ref> Claudia Black's guest appearances were so popular with the cast, crew and audience<ref name="Rudolph 41"/><ref name=gw_i_claudia>{{cite web |last=Sumner |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/i_claudia.shtml |title=I, Claudia – GateWorld talks with Claudia Black |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=July | year=2006 |accessdate=2008-01-14}}</ref> that the actress returned for the last two season 9 episodes (with her pregnancy worked into the plot), and she joined the cast full time in season 10.
Due to prior engagements, [[Claudia Black]] of ''[[Farscape]]'' fame could not accept the offers to guest-star on ''Stargate SG-1'' until the season 8 episode {{ep|Prometheus Unbound}}.<ref name=sg_mag_april07>{{Cite journal |title=Vala Unveiled |journal=[[Official Stargate Magazine]] |pages=20–21 |date=April 2006}}</ref> The producers liked the on-screen chemistry between Black's Vala Mal Doran and Shanks's Daniel so much that they re-introduced her in a six-episode story arc to cover for the maternity leave of Amanda Tapping at the beginning of season 9.<ref name="Rudolph 41">{{Cite journal |last=Rudolph |first=Illeane |title=Black Is Back |journal=TV Guide |issue=February 27 – March 5, 2006 |pages=41 |date=February 27, 2006}}</ref> At the same time, Richard Dean Anderson left the show to spend more time with his daughter (his schedule had been reduced incrementally since season 6).<ref>Gibson 2003, p. 66, p. 117.</ref> The role of the leading man was filled with [[Ben Browder]] (also of ''Farscape'' fame), who had met with the ''Stargate'' producers as soon as the introduction of new main characters for season 9 was discussed.<ref name=tvzones64_12>{{Cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven | title=Ben Browder – Work in progress |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 64 |pages=12–16 |date=July 2005}}</ref> The producers had met him during sci-fi conventions and had previously discussed casting him in other ''Stargate'' roles.<ref name=making_901>{{cite web |last=Mallozzi |first=Joseph |authorlink=Joseph Mallozzi |url=http://www.gateworld.net/sg1/s9/making/901.shtml |title=In the Making – Avalon Part 1 |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |date = July 2005|accessdate=2009-03-07}}</ref> The producers approached {{w|Emmy Award|Emmy Award}}-winning actor Beau Bridges directly to play the role of Hank Landry.<ref name=tvzones64_50>{{Cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven |title=Beau Bridges – Helping Bridge the Gap |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 64 |pages=50–52 |date=July 2005}}</ref> Claudia Black's guest appearances were so popular with the cast, crew and audience<ref name="Rudolph 41"/><ref name=gw_i_claudia>{{cite web |last=Sumner |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/i_claudia.shtml |title=I, Claudia – GateWorld talks with Claudia Black |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=July | year=2006 |accessdate=2008-01-14}}</ref> that the actress returned for the last two season 9 episodes (with her pregnancy worked into the plot), and she joined the cast full time in season 10.
=== Crew ===
[[File:Robertcooper.jpg|thumb|200px|Robert C. Cooper became ''SG-1'''s show runner in season 7.]]
Most producers, crew members and guest actors behind ''Stargate SG-1'' were Canadian.<ref name=vs_success/> Creators Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner were executive producers and show runners of ''Stargate SG-1'' in the first three seasons,<!--based on the closing credits--> having the final say (besides MGM and the network) on stories, designs, effects, casting, editing, and episode budgets.<ref name=gw_brad/> After Glassner's departure, Wright ran ''Stargate SG-1'' alone for three seasons.<!--based on the closing credits--> Executive producer [[Robert C. Cooper]] took over as show-runner in season 7 when Brad Wright took time off to develop the {{w|Spin-off (media)|spin-off}} series ''[[Stargate Atlantis]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gateworld.net/news/2004/08/willsg-1gatetoseasonnine.shtml |title=Will SG-1 gate to Season Nine? |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |date=August 8, 2004 |accessdate=2009-03-25}}</ref> Cooper and Wright remained show-runners of their respective shows until the end of ''SG-1''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sumner |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/news/2005/02/new_seasons_begin_filming_in_van.shtml |title=New seasons begin filming in Vancouver |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |date=February 28, 2005 |accessdate=2009-03-25}}</ref> Also serving as executive and co-executive producers were Michael Greenburg and Richard Dean Anderson (seasons 1–8), [[N. John Smith]] (seasons 4–10), and the writer team [[Joseph Mallozzi]] & [[Paul Mullie]] (seasons 7–10).
Although ''Stargate SG-1'' employed freelance writers, most of the 214 ''Stargate SG-1'' episodes were written by Brad Wright (seasons 1–10), Jonathan Glassner (seasons 1–3), [[Katharyn Powers]] (seasons 1–6), Robert C. Cooper (seasons 1–10), [[Peter DeLuise]] (seasons 4–8), Joseph Mallozzi & Paul Mullie (seasons 4–10), [[Damian Kindler]] (seasons 6–10), and [[Alan McCullough]] (seasons 9–10). [[Martin Wood]] and Peter DeLuise directed the most episodes, with 46 episodes (seasons 1–10) and 57 episodes (seasons 2–10), respectively. Wood and DeLuise regularly made cameo appearances in their episodes and notably played the {{w|show-within-a-show|show-within-a-show}} directors in the cameo-heavy milestone episodes {{ep|Wormhole X-Treme!}} and {{ep|200}}. [[Andy Mikita]] had been an assistant director since the pilot episode and directed 29 episodes from season 3 through 10. ''SG-1'' director of photography [[Peter F. Woeste]] and camera operator [[William Waring]] directed 13 episodes each. Most staff writers and staff directors held producer positions. Several cast members contributed story ideas and directed ''SG-1'' episodes.
=== Filming ===
[[File:Bridge Studios.jpg|thumb|200px|''Stargate SG-1'' was filmed at The Bridge Studios in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.]]
''Stargate SG-1'' was filmed in and around [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], mainly at [[The Bridge Studios]] and [[NORCO Studios]],<ref name=dvdsecrets/><ref name=gw_bridge>{{cite web |author=Sumner, Darren & Read, David |url=http://www.gateworld.net/news/2009/02/stargate-universe-begins-principal-photography/ |title=''Stargate Universe'' begins principal photography |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |date=February 18, 2009 |accessdate=2009-02-18}}</ref> which offered ''Stargate SG-1'' tax breaks throughout its run.<ref name=vs_success/> The cost of an ''SG-1'' episode increased from US$1.3 million<ref name=v_levitates>{{cite web |last=Dempsey |first=John |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117871914.html?categoryid=1236&cs=1 |title='Stargate' levitates |publisher=''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' |date=August 26, 2002 |accessdate=2009-03-26}}</ref> in the first seasons to an estimated US$2 million per episode in season 10, partly due to unfavorable exchange rates.<ref name=vs_success/><ref name=mcn_200/> Many Vancouver area landmarks were incorporated into the episodes, such as the campus of {{w|Simon Fraser University|Simon Fraser University}}, which became the setting of an alien civilization's capital.<ref>{{cite web |author=Heckman, Candace and Chansanchai, Athima |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/movies/251525_hollywoodnorthact3.html |title=Vancouver: A sci-fi film and TV fan's paradise |publisher=''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'' |date=December 12, 2005 |accessdate=2009-03-21}}</ref> Production faced many weather problems because of the moderate oceanic climate of Vancouver, although rain could be eliminated from film. The season 3 episode {{ep|Crystal Skull}} was the first episode to be filmed on a virtual set.<ref name=dvdsecrets/>
The main setting of ''Stargate SG-1'', the [[Stargate Command]] (SGC) at the (real) [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex|Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station]] near [[Colorado Springs]], [[Colorado]], was filmed at stage 5 of The Bridge Studios.<ref name=gw_bridge/> Martin Wood filmed half a dozen stock shots of the real Cheyenne Mountain complex for use in the series approximately ten days before the premiere of the pilot episode. Although these shots wore out over the years, the producers did not film new shots until the beginning of season 9, thinking that ''Stargate SG-1'' would be cancelled after each current year.<ref name=ac_904>{{cite video |people=[[Joseph Mallozzi|Mallozzi, Joseph]], [[Martin Gero|Gero, Martin]] |date=2006 |title=Audio Commentary for {{ep|The Ties That Bind}} |medium= DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref><ref name=ac_701>{{cite video |people=[[Martin Wood|Wood, Martin]] |date=2004 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 7 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Fallen}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> By then, visitor questions and fan theories about the existence of a Stargate at the real Cheyenne Mountain complex had become so common that Cheyenne Mountain had installed a seemingly high-security door labeled "Stargate Command" for one of their storage rooms holding brooms and detergent.<ref name=comiccon>{{cite video |people=[[Martin Wood|Wood, Martin]]; [[Amanda Tapping|Tapping, Amanda]] |date=2008 |title=Stargate: The Ark of Truth – Stargate at Comic-Con | medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref>
The first seven seasons had 22 episodes each, which was reduced to 20 episodes for the last three seasons. Episodes of the first seasons were filmed over a period of 7.5 working days, which decreased to a targeted average of six working days in the last seasons.<ref name=ac_803/> All episodes were filmed in {{w|16:9|16:9}} wide-screen, although ''Stargate SG-1'' was broadcast in {{w|4:3|4:3}} aspect ratio in its first years.<ref name=gw_rainmaker>{{cite video |people=Woloshyn, Bruce |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/a_day_at_rainmaker.shtml |title="A Day At Rainmaker – GateWorld talks with Bruce Woloshyn |time=13&nbsp;min |date = February 2005|accessdate=2009-03-26}}</ref> The transition to the broadcast of episodes in the wider 16:9 ratio gave directors more freedom in frame composition.<ref name=ac_1019>{{cite video |people=[[Will Waring|Waring, Will]] and [[Alan McCullough|McCullough, Alan]] |date=2007 |title=Stargate SG-1 Season 10 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Dominion}} |time=7 &nbsp;min |medium= DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> The first three seasons of ''Stargate SG-1'' were filmed on {{w|16 mm film|16&nbsp;mm film}}, notwithstanding scenes involving visual effects that had always been shot on {{w|35 mm film|35&nbsp;mm film}} for various technical reasons. After a test run with the season 3 finale, {{ep|Nemesis}}, ''Stargate SG-1'' switched to 35&nbsp;mm film for all purposes at the beginning of season 4.<ref name=ac_401_jt>{{cite video |people=[[James Tichenor|Tichenor, James]] |date=2001 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 4 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Small Victories}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> Digital HD cameras were used for filming beginning with season 8.<ref name=ac_803>{{cite video |people=[[Will Waring|Waring, Will]] and [[Jim Menard|Menard, Jim]] |date=2005 |title=Stargate SG-1 Season 8 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Lockdown}} |time=1 and 8&nbsp;min |medium= DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref>
=== Production design ===
The art department generated all of the concepts and drawing for the prop department, the set decoration department, the construction department, the paint department, and the model shop. They also collaborated with the visual effects department.<ref name=dvdsecrets>{{cite video |people=Hudolin, Richard; [[Michael Greenburg|Greenburg, Michael]]; Smith, N. John |date=2001 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Timeline To The Future – Part 2: Secrets Of The Gate | medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> ''Stargate SG-1'' employed about 200 Canadian union workers, although that number could exceed 300 when new sets were built.<ref name=vs_success/> Lead production designer [[Richard Hudolin]] joined the project in October 1996. [[Bridget McGuire]], ''SG-1'''s art director since the pilot episode, took over as lead production designer in season 6.<ref name=dvdproductiondesign/><ref>Gibson 2003, p. 130.</ref>
Hudolin flew to Los Angeles in 1996 to gather material from the feature film as reference and found the original Stargate {{w|Theatrical property|prop}} stored outside in the Californian desert. Although the prop had severely deteriorated, he was able to take a detailed mold for ''Stargate SG-1'' production to build its own prop. The new Stargate was engineered to turn, to lock the chevrons, and to be computer-controlled to dial specific gate addresses. A portable Stargate prop was built for on-location shoots and required six workers and one full day to set up.<ref name=dvdlegacy/><ref name=dvdproductiondesign/> Since visual effects are sometimes faster and cheaper,<ref name=dvdproductiondesign/> a computer-generated Stargate was occasionally used in on-location shoots in later seasons.<ref name=ac_403/>
The SGC set had to be twice as high for shooting as the 22 feet Stargate prop,<ref name=dvdproducingstargate/> but one of Hudolin's original plans of a three-level set was rejected in favor of a two-level set.<ref name=dvdproductiondesign/> The gateroom was the biggest room on set and could be redesigned for other scenes.<ref name=ac_403>{{cite video |people=[[Martin Wood|Wood, Martin]] and Tichenor, James |date=2001 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 4 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Upgrades}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> Two multi-purpose rooms were frequently redecorated into the infirmary, Daniel's lab, the cafeteria or the gym.<ref name=dvdproductiondesign/><ref name=ac_601_mw>{{cite video |people=[[Martin Wood|Wood, Martin]] |date=2003 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 6 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Redemption, Part 1}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> The SGC set and all other sets from the pilot episode were constructed within six weeks in January and February 1997, incorporating some original set pieces from the feature film.<ref name=dvdproductiondesign>{{cite video |people=Hudolin, Richard |date=2001 |title= Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Production Design: Richard Hudolin | medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> The SGC set would be largely dismantled in late 2008 to make room for the [[Icarus Base]] set of ''[[Stargate Universe]]''.<ref name=jm_090120>{{cite web |last=Mallozzi |first=Joseph |authorlink=Joseph Mallozzi |url=http://josephmallozzi.wordpress.com/2009/01/20/january-20-2009-the-return-of-norman-shuttlecock-junior/ |title=January 20, 2009: The Return of Norman Shuttlecock Junior |publisher=WordPress|date=January 20, 2009 |accessdate=2009-01-21}}</ref>
=== Make-up and costumes ===
Most ''SG-1'' main characters are US [[airmen]] and wear authentic [[United States Air Force]] uniforms. During missions, the members of the SG-1 team normally wear olive green {{w|Battle Dress Uniform|Battle Dress Uniform}}s.<ref>{{cite video |url=http://www.discoverychannel.co.uk/sci-files/cinema/stargate/index.shtml |title=Science Fiction in the Cinema – Stargate |publisher=Discovery Channel |date=2006 |time=29&nbsp;min}}</ref> Richard Dean Anderson and Don S. Davis received a regular military-style haircut on set.<ref name=tvzones58_28>{{Cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven | title=Christopher Judge – Judge For Yourself |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 58 |pages=28–32 |month=July |year=2004}}</ref><ref>Gibson 2003, p. 144.</ref> Amanda Tapping had her hair comparably short until the filming of the direct-to-DVD films. Playing a civilian, Michael Shanks adopted James Spader's hairstyle from the feature film but cut it short for the season 2 finale and subsequent seasons.<!--Hair of AT and MS obvious--> The Jaffa alien Teal'c (Christopher Judge) was the only main character whose look required more than basic make-up. His Egyptian look was reflective of the Goa'uld [[Ra]] from the feature film and was complemented with a forehead symbol and a gold skin tone, although his make-up process was simplified over the years.<ref name=tvzones46_62>{{Cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven | title=Jan Newman – Born With It – Make-up |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 46 |pages=62–65 |month=July |year=2002}}</ref> Judge shaved his head at home each day until the producers allowed him to let his hair grow in season 8.<ref name=tvzones58_28/> As a trained nurse, key make-up artist [[Jan Newman]] could make burns, cuts, bruises and the SG-1 team's other wounds look authentic.<ref name=tvzones46_62/>
For the look of aliens, the make-up department collaborated with prosthetics companies from Vancouver and Los Angeles, including [[Todd Masters]]. While the human origins of many alien races and human civilizations were left recognizable, the recurring [[Unas]] race required elaborate prosthetics and make-up work.<ref name=tvzones46_62/> To mirror the independent development of the human civilizations after their displacement from Earth, the costume designers took elements of the respective Earth cultures, and combined them with modern fabrics, elaborate trims and chains that would give a historical yet otherworldly appearance.<ref name=dvdcostumedesign>{{cite video |people=McQuarrie, Christina |date=2001 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Costume Design: Christina McQuarrie | medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> The look of the Goa'uld such as [[Apophis]] was initially based on Ra in the feature film.<ref name=tvzones46_62/> For the design of the [[Ori]] and the [[Prior]]s in season 9, the art department looked at Japanese and Samurai garments for costume design. Art director [[James Robbins]] found the face painting, scarification and burns of remote jungle tribes mystical, serving as inspiration for the face scarification of the Priors and the [[Doci]]. Early considerations of finger extensions and scarification on their hands were discarded as impracticable.<ref name=tvzones64_24>{{cite journal |last=Eramo |first=Steven |title=Stargate SG-1 Season 9 preview - Nine Lives |journal=TV Zone |issue=Special 64 |pages=24–30; 44–48 56–60 |date=July 2005}}</ref>
=== Visual effects ===
''Stargate SG-1'' was one of the biggest employers in the Vancouver {{w|visual effects|visual effects}} market,<ref name=playback/> spending $400,000 per episode.<ref>Gibson 2003, p. 8.</ref> The largest role was played by [[Rainmaker Digital Effects]],<ref name=playback/> whose senior digital compositing artist, [[Bruce Woloshyn]], worked approximately 10 months a year in close collaboration with ''SG-1''{{'s}} visual effects supervisor/producer James Tichenor and visual effects supervisor [[Michelle Comens]].<ref name=gw_bruce/> Many companies were hired to create the Stargate's water-like event horizon in the beginning, but Rainmaker eventually became the only company to create those visual effects.<ref name=gw_rainmaker/> Rainmaker's regular effects shots included the activation and use of the Stargate itself (with well over 300 event horizon shots in the first few years), the transport rings, and the blast shots of the staff weapons and zat guns. They created the visual effects for Goa'uld cargo ships and death gliders on a less regular basis.<ref name=gw_bruce>{{cite web |last=Sumner |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/bruce_woloshyn.shtml |title=GateWorld talks with Bruce Woloshyn |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=December |year=2002 |accessdate=2009-03-31}}</ref>
[[Lost Boys Studios]] provided visual effects for ''SG-1'' from the very beginning of the series up to the end of season 5,<ref name="LBStudios">{{cite web |url=http://www.lostboys-studios.com/tv/stargate.php |title=Lostboys Studios: Digital Effects For Film & Television |publisher=Lost Boys Studios |accessdate=2009-05-22}}</ref> and [[Image Engine]] worked on the show from season 2. ''Stargate SG-1'' and ''Stargate Atlantis'' were responsible for an estimated 30% to 40% of the business of [[Atmosphere Visual Effects]].<ref name=playback>{{cite web |last=Careless |first=James |url=http://playbackonline.ca/2006/05/01/sg1post-20060501/|title=B.C. post shops create series' alien worlds |publisher=''[[Playback (magazine)|Playback]]'' |date=May 1, 2006 |accessdate=2012-03-31}}</ref> James Tichenor considered the few episodes with big visual effects budgets the most likely works to contain visual cues that would impress award judges.<ref name=variety>{{cite web |last=Zahed |first=Ramin |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117850978.html?categoryid=14&cs=1 |title=Emmys nominees: Sci-fiers impress with innovative effects |publisher=''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' |date=August 8, 2001 |accessdate=2008-03-14}}</ref> ''Stargate SG-1'' helped win the local post production shops industry recognition, with season 4's {{ep|Small Victories}}, season 5's {{ep|Revelations}} and season 7's "[[Lost City]]" receiving the most visual effects awards and nominations ''(see [[List of awards and nominations received by Stargate SG-1]])''.
=== Music ===
According to composer [[Joel Goldsmith]], ''Stargate SG-1'' had a traditional action-adventure score, "with a sci-fi, fantasy flair" that goes "from comedy to drama to wondrous to suspense to heavy action to ethereal".<ref>{{cite web |last=Burlingame |first=Jon |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117870437.html?categoryid=1329&cs=1 |title=Sci-fi series: a musical odyssey |publisher=''{{w|Variety (magazine)|Variety}}'' |date=July 29, 2002 |accessdate=2009-03-26}}</ref> Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner had known Goldsmith since the second season of ''The Outer Limits'' before they approached him to work on the pilot episode of ''Stargate SG-1''. Goldsmith and [[David Arnold]], the composer of the original feature film score, discussed themes for a television adaptation. The main titles of ''Stargate SG-1'' were a medley of several themes from the feature film, although Goldsmith also wrote a unique end title for ''SG-1'' to establish the show as its own entity.<ref name=joel/> MGM eventually insisted on using Arnold's score in the pilot episode instead of Goldsmith's, but Brad Wright's 2009 direct-to-DVD recut of ''[[Children of the Gods]]'' uses Goldsmith's original score.<ref>{{cite web |author=Sumner, Daren and Read, David |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/breaking_the_ice_part_22.shtml |title=Breaking The Ice – GateWorld talks with Brad Wright (Part 2) |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=May |year=2008 |accessdate=2009-03-24}}</ref>
For each episode's score, Goldsmith simulated a real orchestra with a synthesizer palette of an eighty-piece symphony orchestra for budgetary reasons,<ref name=joel/> although he occasionally used two or three musicians for added orchestral authenticity.<ref name=companion56_150_151/> Goldsmith's long-time assistant [[Neal Acree]] started composing additional music for ''Stargate SG-1'' in season 8.<ref name=gw_emotion/> The amount of composed music varied between 12 and 33 minutes out of a 44-minute episode, with an average of around 22 to 26 minutes,<ref name=gw_emotion>{{cite web |last=Read |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/the_language_of_emotion.shtml |title=The Language of Emotion – GateWorld talks with Neal Acree |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=March |year=2009 |accessdate=2009-03-31}}</ref> making the full symphonic score of ''SG-1'' more time-consuming to create than for general TV shows.<ref name=joel/> Since Goldsmith lived a thousand miles away from Vancouver, he and the producers discussed ideas over the phone<ref name=companion56_150_151>Gibson 2003, pp. 150–151.</ref> and exchanged tapes via {{w|Federal Express|Federal Express}} for several years until the show switched to Internet file transfers.<ref name=joel2>{{cite web |last=Read |first=David |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/gate_harmonics_part_2_of_2.shtml |title=Gate Harmonics – GateWorld talks with Joel Goldsmith (Part 2) |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=November | year=2006 |accessdate=2009-03-24}}</ref>
Goldsmith's reliance on Arnold's score decreased over the seasons when ''Stargate SG-1'' departed from the Goa'uld theme and introduced new characters and races. Goldsmith had a thematic approach to races and spaceships.<ref name=joel>{{cite web |last=Read |first=David |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/gate_harmonics_part_1_of_2.shtml |title=Gate Harmonics – GateWorld talks with Joel Goldsmith (Part 1) |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=November | year=2006 |accessdate=2009-03-24}}</ref> For example, he wanted a mechanical, repetitive musical motif for the Replicators;<ref name=joel2/> Gothic, {{w|Gregorian chant|Gregorian}}, and Christian themes were the inspiration for the Ori motif.<ref name=joel/> The Ancient theme was deliberately carried over to ''Stargate Atlantis''. The end of "[[Lost City]]" has a basic melody that would become part of the main title of ''Atlantis'' per a suggestion by Goldsmith's assistant.<ref name=joel2/> Non-original music was rarely used on ''SG-1'', although Goldsmith chose the aria "Vesti la giubba" from {{w|Leoncavallo|Leoncavallo}}'s "Pagliaccio" for the season 3's {{ep|Shades of Grey}}.<ref name=gw_brad>{{cite web |last=Sumner |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/interviews/brad_wright.shtml |title=Interviews – Brad Wright |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |month=July |year=2002 |accessdate=2009-03-24}}</ref> Additionally, [[Lily Frost]]'s song "Who am I" played in season 7's {{ep|Fragile Balance}}, and {{w|Creedence Clearwater Revival|CCR}}'s song "[[Have You Ever Seen the Rain?]]" played in the series finale {{ep|Unending}}. A television soundtrack with Goldsmith's adapted score was released in 1997,<ref name="ost1997">{{cite web|title=Stargate SG-1 Soundtrack|url=http://www.soundtrack.net/albums/database/?id=1044|publisher=SoundtrackNet|accessdate=29 May 2010}}</ref> followed by a best-of release in 2001.<ref name="ost2001">{{cite web|last=Goldwasser|first=Dan|title=The Best of Stargate SG-1 Soundtrack|url=http://www.soundtrack.net/albums/database/?id=2844|publisher=SoundtrackNet|accessdate=29 May 2010|date=29 August 2001}}</ref>
=== Opening title sequence ===
''Stargate SG-1'' has had several opening title sequences, which are generally preceded by a {{w|teaser act|teaser act}}. The credits are normally sixty seconds long. Richard Dean Anderson was the only ''SG-1'' actor whose name appeared before the show's title. Michael Shanks's name was moved near the end of the opening credits with the appendage "as Daniel Jackson" after his return to the show in season 7. Some DVD versions of early ''SG-1'' seasons have different opening credits than the television versions, as do the direct-to-DVD films. Composer Joel Goldsmith adapted [[David Arnold]]'s ''Stargate'' feature film score for ''SG-1''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s opening title theme, which remained the same during the run of ''Stargate SG-1'' and its direct-to-DVD films.
The first opening title sequence, used in the first five seasons, shows a slow-pan camera move over [[Ra]]'s mask. The ''Stargate SG-1'' producers had run out of time before the premiere of season 1 and simply re-used the accelerated opening title sequence of the feature film.<ref name=ac_402/> [[Ra]]'s mask had been created in the feature film's model shop and had originally been filmed with a {{w|motion control photography|motion-control camera}}.<ref>{{cite video |people=[[Dean Devlin|Devlin, Dean]] and [[Roland Emmerich|Emmerich, Roland]] |date=2001 |title=Audio Commentary for [[Stargate (movie)|Stargate]] |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> Partly because [[Ra]]'s mask looked cross-eyed, Brad Wright approached the art department in the following years to produce a new opening title sequence; however, the sequence remained the same until the show's move to the Sci-Fi Channel. During the first five seasons when the show was syndicated a separate introduction was used; this intro is still used by Sci-Fi for seasons 1-5. This version uses action shots of the original cast.<ref name=ac_402>{{cite video |people=[[Peter DeLuise|DeLuise, Peter]] and Tichenor, James |date=2001 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 4 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|The Other Side}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref><ref name=ac_610>{{cite video |people=[[Andy Mikita|Mikita, Andy]]; [[Damian Kindler|Kindler, Damien]]; [[Jim Menard|Menard, Jim]] |date=2001 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 6 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|Cure}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref>
The opening title sequence of the first two season 6 episodes shows a turning Stargate, for which a {{w|Frazier lens|Frazier lens}} was put as close as {{frac|1|8}}&nbsp;inch (3&nbsp;mm) to the Stargate prop.<ref name=ac_610/> The opening credits of the following episodes intercut this material with live-action shots of the characters from previous seasons and ended with the SG-1 team stepping through the Stargate. The opening credits stayed the same in the next two seasons except for minor clip and cast changes. The opening credits of season 9 intercut shots of the Stargate with action sequences similar to the previous opening credits, although the Stargate was visibly computer-generated. The Sci Fi Channel cut the opening credits from sixty to ten seconds in their original broadcast of the first half of season 9, but re-instated the full opening credits after strong negative fan reactions.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sumner |first=Darren |url=http://www.gateworld.net/news/2005/09/sci_fi_to_reinstate_full-length_.shtml |title=SCI FI to reinstate full-length openings |date=September 1, 2005 |publisher=[[GateWorld]] |accessdate=2007-07-20}}</ref> The writers poked fun at this move in ''SG-1'''s milestone episode {{ep|200}} in season 10, showing a five-second clip instead of the full titles.<ref name=ac1006rccbw>{{cite video |people=[[Robert C. Cooper|Cooper, Robert C.]] and [[Brad Wright|Wright, Brad]] |date=2007 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 10 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|200}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> Beginning with season 10's {{ep|Company of Thieves}}, the last clip of the opening credits shows Vala Mal Doran almost missing SG-1's trip through the Stargate.
=== Collaboration with the military ===
The [[United States Air Force]] (USAF) cooperated closely with the ''Stargate SG-1'' producers. Before the beginning of the series, the USAF granted production access to the Cheyenne Mountain complex to film stock shots. They also read every script for mistakes and provided help with plausible background stories for all characters, ribbons, uniform regulations, hair advice, plotlines, and military relationships.<ref name=dvdbeyond/> The USAF flew up several [[T-38 Talon]], [[F-15]] and [[F-16]] fighter jets to Vancouver for various episodes and direct-to-DVD films.<ref name=comiccon/><ref name=tvzones46_66/><ref name=ac_910/> Many of the extras portraying USAF personnel were real USAF personnel.<ref name="air force press release"/>
Two successive [[Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force|Chiefs of Staff of the USAF]], Generals [[Michael E. Ryan]] and [[John P. Jumper]], appeared as themselves in season 4's {{ep|Prodigy}} and season 7's "[[Lost City]]", respectively. General Jumper's second scheduled appearance in season 9's "[[The Fourth Horseman]]" was cancelled due to ongoing conflicts in the [[Middle East]].<ref name=ac_910>{{cite video |people=[[Andy Mikita|Mikita, Andy]] and [[Damian Kindler|Kindler, Damian]] |date=2006 |title=Stargate SG-1: Season 9 – Audio Commentary for {{ep|The Fourth Horseman, Part 1}} |medium = DVD |publisher=[[MGM Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> The {{w|Air Force Association|Air Force Association}} recognized Richard Dean Anderson at its 57th annual dinner on September 14, 2004 for his work as actor and executive producer of the show, and for the show's positive depiction of the Air Force.<ref name="air force press release">{{cite web |last=Thar |first=Doug |publisher=Air Force Link |url=http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?storyID=123008593 |title=Air Force to honor actor, producer |date=September 9, 2004 |accessdate=2009-03-17}}</ref>
''Stargate SG-1'' also received support from the United States and other international navies. Several scenes of season 4's {{ep|Small Victories}} were filmed aboard and outside of a Russian {{w|Foxtrot class submarine|''Foxtrot''-class submarine}}, which had been brought from {{w|Vladivostok|Vladivostok}} to Vancouver.<ref name=dvdproductiondesign/> The [[United States Navy]] invited the cast and producers to film aboard the nuclear submarine [[USS Alexandria|USS ''Alexandria'']] (SSN-757) and at their {{w|Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station|Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station}} in the [[Arctic]] for ''Stargate: Continuum''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://stargate.mgm.com/news_detail.php?id=5 |title=SG-1 headed to the Arctic |date=March 14, 2007 |publisher=[[MGM]] |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref>
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wikipedia}}

Revision as of 17:00, 29 January 2016

Stargate SG-1
Illustration of the Stargate SG-1 article
Logo of the series (Seasons 9 and 10)
Genre TV series
Developed by Brad Wright
Jonathan Glassner
Starring Richard Dean Anderson (1-8)
Michael Shanks (1-5, 7-10)
Amanda Tapping (1-10)
Christopher Judge (1-10)
Don S. Davis (1-7)
Corin Nemec (6)
Ben Browder (9, 10)
Beau Bridges (9, 10)
Claudia Black (10)
Theme music composer Joel Goldsmith
Country of origin Canada
United States
Language(s) English
No. of seasons 10
No. of episodes 214
List of episodes
Production
Executive producer(s) Jonathan Glassner (1-3)
Brad Wright (1-10)
Robert C. Cooper (5-10)
Joseph Mallozzi (8-10)
Paul Mullie (8-10)
Richard Dean Anderson (1-8)
Michael Greenburgh (1-8)
Running time 43 minutes
Production company(s) MGM Television (1997-2007)
Double Secret Productions(1997-2007)
Gekko Film Corp. (1997-2005)
Sony Pictures Television (2005-2006)
Broadcast
Original channel Showtime (seasons 1-5)
Sci Fi Channel (seasons 6-10)
Picture format 4:3 (TV, seasons 1-7)
16:9 (TV, seasons 8-10)
16:9 (DVD)
Original run July 27, 1997 – March 13, 2007
Chronology
Stargate link= Stargate Stargate
Stargate: The Ark of Truth Stargate: The Ark of Truth link= Stargate: The Ark of Truth
Related shows Stargate Atlantis
Stargate Universe
External links
Website stargate.mgm.com

Stargate SG-1 (also abbreviated as SG-1) is a Canadian-American adventure and military science fiction television series and part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's Stargate franchise. The show, created by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, is based on the 1994 feature film Stargate by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich. The television series was filmed in and around the city of Vancouver, Canada. In the United States, Showtime broadcast the first five seasons, from 1997 to 2002, and then the series moved to the Sci Fi Channel for its last five seasons, from 2002 to 2007. The final episode premiered on Sky1 in the United Kingdom on March 13, 2007, three months before its United States premiere. With ten seasons and 214 episodes, Stargate SG-1 surpassed The X-Files in 2007 as the longest-running North American science fiction series on television, before being surpassed by Smallville in 2011 with 218 episodes in ten seasons.

The story of Stargate SG-1 begins over a year after the events of the feature film, when the United States government learns that a network of ancient alien devices called Stargates connects a vast multitude of planets within our Milky Way galaxy, facilitating near-instantaneous interstellar travel. Later episodes reveal that this network is capable of spanning not just planets within the Milky Way, but with sufficient power, can provide intergalactic travel as well. Stargate SG-1 chronicles the adventures of the elite special force Air Force squad, SG-1, the flagship team of over two dozen teams from Earth who explore the galaxy and defend Earth against alien threats such as the Goa'uld, Replicators, and later the Ori. The composition of the SG-1 team is stable in the show's first five seasons but changes several times in the remaining seasons. The series expands upon many Ancient Earth mythologies such as Egyptian mythology, Norse mythology, and Arthurian legend. The 2008 direct-to-DVD films Stargate: The Ark of Truth and Stargate: Continuum continue the adventures of SG-1.

The series was a ratings success for Showtime and the Sci Fi Channel, and was particularly popular in Europe and Australia. Although it received little critical response, Stargate SG-1 was honored with numerous awards and award nominations in its ten-season run. It also spawned the animated television series Stargate Infinity[1] in 2002, the live-action spin-off TV series Stargate Atlantis in 2004, and the live-action TV series Stargate Universe in 2009 which ended in the Spring of 2011. Merchandise for Stargate SG-1 includes games and toys, print media, and an original audio series.[2]

Series overview

Stargate SG-1 resumes the plot of the original feature film and follows the present-day adventures of SG-1, a military team from Earth. SG-1 and two dozen other SG teams venture to distant planets using an alien portal known as a Stargate, which in the series is housed in a top-secret United States Air Force military base known as Stargate Command (SGC) underneath Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado Springs, Colorado. In the first eight seasons, the mission of the SG teams is to explore the galaxy and search for alien technology and allies to defend Earth against the Goa'uld, a snake-like parasitic alien race that takes humans as unwilling hosts. As explained in the series' backstory, the Goa'uld transported human slaves from Earth to other habitable planets across the galaxy thousands of years ago and now pose as gods of Ancient Earth mythologies, particularly Egyptian mythology. SG-1 eventually learns that highly evolved human-like beings, known as the Ancients, had originally built the Stargate network millions of years earlier, before they used their extraordinary powers to Ascend to a higher plane of existence, after which they pledged to not interfere in the lives of other species. The Ori, who belong to the same race of ascended beings as the Ancients but who use their powers to subjugate other species, forcing them to worship the Ori and to believe a doctrine of religious fundamentalism, assume the role of the main antagonists in seasons 9 and 10.

Goa'uld arc

The pilot episode ("Children of the Gods"), set over one year after the events of the original feature film, introduces the Goa'uld System Lord and main villain Apophis (Peter Williams) as he attacks Earth's mothballed SGC military base through the Stargate and kidnaps a soldier. The SGC is brought back into action when the Stargate is revealed to be part of an interplanetary network connecting countless planets. SG teams are created to help defend Earth against the Goa'uld, who have interstellar pyramid warships and vast armies of Jaffa (hereditary slaves and human incubators to the Goa'uld) at their disposal. Earth's flagship team SG-1, which includes Apophis's defected First Prime (lead Jaffa soldier) Teal'c, initiates several alliances with other cultures in the galaxy, such as the Goa'uld-like but truly symbiotic Tok'ra, the advanced human Tollan, the pacifist Nox, the benevolent Roswell-alien Asgard, and remnants of the powerful Ancients. Another alien threat arises in the season 3 finale ("Nemesis") in the form of sentient machines called Replicators. Meanwhile, rogue agents of a shadowy intelligence agency on Earth, the NID, repeatedly attempt to take control of the Stargate and other alien technology. Despite Apophis's death in the beginning of season 5, the Goa'uld Empire remains a major foe in Stargate SG-1 until the end of season 8. The only influential Goa'uld in the last two seasons of Stargate SG-1 is the System Lord Ba'al (Cliff Simon), who is defeated in the direct-to-DVD film Stargate: Continuum.

Anubis arc

After Apophis's defeat in the season 5 premiere ("Enemies"), the half-Ascended Goa'uld System Lord Anubis (David Palffy) becomes the main villain. He possesses much knowledge of the Ancients and their technology. While Earth builds its first interstellar spaceship (Prometheus) in seasons 6 and 7, Anubis creates an army of almost invincible Kull warriors and wipes out many of his fellow System Lords. In the season 7 finale ("Lost City"), SG-1 discovers a powerful weapon in an Ancient outpost in Antarctica that annihilates Anubis's entire fleet and also sets the stage for the spin-off series Stargate Atlantis. Ba'al subsumes much of Anubis's power in season 8, while Anubis secretly regains control of his forces. Human-form Replicators begin to conquer the System Lords, but SG-1 finds and adjusts an Ancient weapon to destroy all Replicators throughout the galaxy. Near the end of season 8 ("Threads"), it is revealed that the benevolent Ascended Being Oma Desala (Mel Harris) is responsible for Anubis's original ascension. When she engages Anubis in an eternal stalemated battle on the Ascended plane to prevent his acting on the mortal plane, the Replicators and most System Lords have already been annihilated, and the Jaffa win their freedom from Goa'uld rule.

Ori arc

The original SG-1 team disbands after the events of season 8, but slowly reunites under new team leader LtCol. Cameron Mitchell after the SGC inadvertently draws the attention of the Ancient-like Ori from another galaxy to the existence of sentient life in the Milky Way. While the Ori send enhanced human beings named Priors to the Milky Way to spread a religion that will augment the Ori's power, Ba'al and some minor Goa'uld infiltrate Earth through the Trust (a coalition of rogue NID operatives) to rebuild their power. At the end of season 9 ("Camelot"), the Ori begin an evangelistic crusade with their warships and effortlessly wipe out the combined fleet of Earth and its allies. The leader of the Ori, Adria (Morena Baccarin), is introduced in the premiere of season 10 ("Flesh and Blood"). SG-1 searches for the Sangraal, an Ancient weapon that might defeat the Ori, while Ba'al and his clones attempt to find the weapon for their own purposes. With the help of the powerful Ancient Merlin (Matthew Walker), SG-1 finds the construction plans of the Sangraal and sends a working version to the Ori galaxy. Shortly thereafter, Adria ascends. The direct-to-DVD film Stargate: The Ark of Truth ends the Ori arc.

Cast

  • Richard Dean Anderson as Jonathan "Jack" O'Neill (seasons 1–8 main, seasons 9–10 recurring)  – A United States Air Force Colonel and special operations veteran who led the original mission through the Stargate in Stargate (where he was played by Kurt Russell). He is coaxed out of retirement in the pilot episode and serves as the leader of the SG-1 team in the first seven seasons. He takes charge of Stargate Command (SGC) after his promotion to Brigadier General at the beginning of season 8. The series repeatedly alludes to romantic feelings between O'Neill and his second-in-command, Carter, but the relationship is never shown as consummated outside of alternate reality scenarios. O'Neill is reassigned to Washington, D.C. before season 9 and receives a promotion to Major General. He appears in a recurring role in seasons 9 and 10 of Stargate SG-1, as well as in Stargate: Continuum and in seasons 1 and 3 of Stargate Atlantis. O'Neill appears as a Lieutenant General in multiple episodes of Stargate Universe where he is in command of the Department of Homeworld Security.
  • Michael Shanks as Daniel Jackson (seasons 1–5 and 7–10 main, season 6 recurring)  – A brilliant Egyptologist whose far-fetched theories about Egyptian pyramids having been built by aliens led to his participation in the original Stargate mission in the feature film (where he was played by James Spader). He joins the SG-1 team to facilitate his search for his wife, who was kidnapped by Apophis in the pilot episode, but his naïveté and curiosity regularly create obstacles for the team.[3] He gradually evolves from being an archaeologist and translator into the moral conscience for the team,[4] and remains part of SG-1 until he ascends to a higher plane of existence at the end of season 5. Following his forceful de-ascension at the beginning of season 7, he rejoins SG-1 for the remainder of the series. The last three seasons show his flirty yet antagonistic relationship with Vala Mal Doran.[3] Daniel also appears in both direct-to-DVD films, in seasons 1 and 5 of Stargate Atlantis, and in three Stargate Universe episodes.
  • Amanda Tapping as Samantha "Sam" Carter (seasons 1–10 main)  – A brilliant young astrophysicist[5] and United States Air Force Captain who joins SG-1 under the command of Col. O'Neill in the pilot episode. Following her promotion to Major in season 3, she is promoted to Lieutenant Colonel early in season 8 and assumes command of SG-1. The series repeatedly alludes to romantic feelings between Carter and O'Neill, but the relationship is never shown as consummated outside of alternate reality scenarios. Carter assists Lt. Col. Cameron Mitchell in seasons 9 and 10. After her appearance in Stargate: The Ark of Truth, she is promoted to Colonel and becomes the new commander of the Atlantis expedition in season 4 of Stargate Atlantis, before joining SG-1 again for Stargate: Continuum. Carter appears in a recurring role in all seasons of Stargate Atlantis (and as a regular in Season 4) and in two episodes of Stargate: Universe.
  • Christopher Judge as Teal'c (seasons 1–10 main)  – A quiet and strong Jaffa alien who defects from his position as the First Prime of the Goa'uld Apophis. He joins SG-1 after the pilot episode in hopes of leading his race to freedom. Despite succeeding in this goal at the end of season 8, he remains a member of SG-1 until the end of the series. He also appears in both direct-to-DVD films and in season 4 of Stargate Atlantis.
  • Don S. Davis as George Hammond (seasons 1–7 main, seasons 8–10 recurring)  – A United States Air Force Major General (later Lieutenant General) who commands Stargate Command in the first seven seasons. Davis died from a heart attack in June 2008, making his appearance in Stargate: Continuum his last.[6]
  • Corin Nemec as Jonas Quinn (season 6 main, seasons 5 and 7 recurring)  – A humanoid alien and scientist from the country of Kelowna on the planet Langara. Daniel sacrifices his life (leading to his ascension) at the end of season 5 in an attempt to save Kelowna, but the following gleeful reaction of the Kelownan leaders causes Jonas to turn his back on Langara. Jonas is a fast learner and fills Daniel's empty spot on SG-1 in season 6. Following Daniel's return, Jonas returns to his planet and remains a recurring character in season 7.
  • Ben Browder as Cameron "Cam" Mitchell (seasons 9–10 main)  – A United States Air Force Lieutenant Colonel who is assigned as the new commanding officer of SG-1 at the beginning of season 9. He struggles to reunite its former members under his command and commands SG-1 (with Lt. Col. Carter's assistance) until the end of season 10. He is promoted to Colonel between his appearances in Stargate: The Ark of Truth and Stargate: Continuum.
  • Beau Bridges as Henry "Hank" Landry (seasons 9–10 main)  – A United States Air Force Major General and the commander of Stargate Command in seasons 9 and 10. He is the estranged father of the SGC's medical officer Carolyn Lam and appears in both direct-to-DVD films and in seasons 2 and 3 of Stargate Atlantis.
  • Claudia Black as Vala Mal Doran (season 10 main, seasons 8–9 recurring)  – A con artist from an unnamed planet and a former human host to the Goa'uld Qetesh. Her first appearance in season 8's "Prometheus Unbound" is the beginning of her flirty yet antagonistic relationship with Daniel.[3] In her recurring role in season 9, she and Daniel unintentionally set off the new Ori threat. She joins SG-1 after giving birth to the new leader of the Ori at the beginning of season 10, and appears in both direct-to-DVD films.

Production

Conception

Brad Wright created Stargate SG-1 with Jonathan Glassner.

Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner had worked together on the MGM television series The Outer Limits since 1995. Upon hearing of MGM's plan to create a television spin-off series of the feature film Stargate, Wright and Glassner independently and unbeknownst to each other approached MGM and proposed their concept for the television series. MGM president John Symes greenlit the project on the condition that Wright and Glassner work together as executive producers of the new show.[4] The show was named Stargate SG-1 after Wright flightily agreed to Symes's pitch question of whether the team should be called "SG-1". MGM released posters titled Stargate SG-1 within the next week without the knowledge of Wright or Glassner.[7]

John Symes approached Michael Greenburg and Richard Dean Anderson of MacGyver fame.[4] Anderson agreed to become involved with the project if his character Jack O'Neill was allowed significantly more comedic leeway than Kurt Russell's character in the feature film. He also requested Stargate SG-1 to be more of an ensemble show, so that he would not be carrying the plot alone as on MacGyver.[8] The American subscription channel Showtime made a two-season commitment for 44 episodes in 1996.[4] Principal photography began in Vancouver in February 1997.[9]

Casting and cast changes

After Anderson accepted the part, Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner reviewed several thousand taped auditions and invited approximately 25 promising actors to screen tests in Los Angeles.[10] Michael Shanks, Amanda Tapping and Christopher Judge are said to have gravitated towards each other during the casting process before they knew that they would ultimately be cast.[11] The producers found Judge the easiest to cast due to his muscular presence.[4] Shanks was cast because he did "the perfect imitation of James Spader", according to Wright.[4] The producers knew Don S. Davis from his work as a stand-in and stunt-double for Dana Elcar in MacGyver and approached him to read for the role of George Hammond.[12][13]

Showtime's announcement to not renew Stargate SG-1 after season 5 coincided with Michael Shanks's decision to leave the show due to concerns of being under-utilized,[14] but the Sci Fi Channel decided to continue the show and fill the void with a new character. Casting agents met Corin Nemec at the courtyard of MGM's Santa Monica offices by chance and offered him the role of Jonas Quinn.[15] Although Nemec's early appearances, beginning with the penultimate episode of season 5 "Meridian", evoked strong distrust by loyal fans,[14] Nemec was open to continue playing the character after season 6 or in a feature film or a spin-off series.[15] However, the producers reached a new contract with Michael Shanks to return full time in season 7, leaving Nemec with a recurring role.[16] Don S. Davis decided to leave Stargate SG-1 after season 7 for health reasons[17] but appeared in a recurring capacity until his death on June 29, 2008.

Due to prior engagements, Claudia Black of Farscape fame could not accept the offers to guest-star on Stargate SG-1 until the season 8 episode "Prometheus Unbound".[18] The producers liked the on-screen chemistry between Black's Vala Mal Doran and Shanks's Daniel so much that they re-introduced her in a six-episode story arc to cover for the maternity leave of Amanda Tapping at the beginning of season 9.[19] At the same time, Richard Dean Anderson left the show to spend more time with his daughter (his schedule had been reduced incrementally since season 6).[20] The role of the leading man was filled with Ben Browder (also of Farscape fame), who had met with the Stargate producers as soon as the introduction of new main characters for season 9 was discussed.[21] The producers had met him during sci-fi conventions and had previously discussed casting him in other Stargate roles.[22] The producers approached Emmy Award-winning actor Beau Bridges directly to play the role of Hank Landry.[23] Claudia Black's guest appearances were so popular with the cast, crew and audience[19][24] that the actress returned for the last two season 9 episodes (with her pregnancy worked into the plot), and she joined the cast full time in season 10.

Crew

Robert C. Cooper became SG-1's show runner in season 7.

Most producers, crew members and guest actors behind Stargate SG-1 were Canadian.[25] Creators Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner were executive producers and show runners of Stargate SG-1 in the first three seasons, having the final say (besides MGM and the network) on stories, designs, effects, casting, editing, and episode budgets.[26] After Glassner's departure, Wright ran Stargate SG-1 alone for three seasons. Executive producer Robert C. Cooper took over as show-runner in season 7 when Brad Wright took time off to develop the spin-off series Stargate Atlantis.[27] Cooper and Wright remained show-runners of their respective shows until the end of SG-1.[28] Also serving as executive and co-executive producers were Michael Greenburg and Richard Dean Anderson (seasons 1–8), N. John Smith (seasons 4–10), and the writer team Joseph Mallozzi & Paul Mullie (seasons 7–10).

Although Stargate SG-1 employed freelance writers, most of the 214 Stargate SG-1 episodes were written by Brad Wright (seasons 1–10), Jonathan Glassner (seasons 1–3), Katharyn Powers (seasons 1–6), Robert C. Cooper (seasons 1–10), Peter DeLuise (seasons 4–8), Joseph Mallozzi & Paul Mullie (seasons 4–10), Damian Kindler (seasons 6–10), and Alan McCullough (seasons 9–10). Martin Wood and Peter DeLuise directed the most episodes, with 46 episodes (seasons 1–10) and 57 episodes (seasons 2–10), respectively. Wood and DeLuise regularly made cameo appearances in their episodes and notably played the show-within-a-show directors in the cameo-heavy milestone episodes "Wormhole X-Treme!" and "200". Andy Mikita had been an assistant director since the pilot episode and directed 29 episodes from season 3 through 10. SG-1 director of photography Peter F. Woeste and camera operator William Waring directed 13 episodes each. Most staff writers and staff directors held producer positions. Several cast members contributed story ideas and directed SG-1 episodes.

Filming

Stargate SG-1 was filmed at The Bridge Studios in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

Stargate SG-1 was filmed in and around Vancouver, British Columbia, mainly at The Bridge Studios and NORCO Studios,[29][30] which offered Stargate SG-1 tax breaks throughout its run.[25] The cost of an SG-1 episode increased from US$1.3 million[31] in the first seasons to an estimated US$2 million per episode in season 10, partly due to unfavorable exchange rates.[25][32] Many Vancouver area landmarks were incorporated into the episodes, such as the campus of Simon Fraser University, which became the setting of an alien civilization's capital.[33] Production faced many weather problems because of the moderate oceanic climate of Vancouver, although rain could be eliminated from film. The season 3 episode "Crystal Skull" was the first episode to be filmed on a virtual set.[29]

The main setting of Stargate SG-1, the Stargate Command (SGC) at the (real) Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station near Colorado Springs, Colorado, was filmed at stage 5 of The Bridge Studios.[30] Martin Wood filmed half a dozen stock shots of the real Cheyenne Mountain complex for use in the series approximately ten days before the premiere of the pilot episode. Although these shots wore out over the years, the producers did not film new shots until the beginning of season 9, thinking that Stargate SG-1 would be cancelled after each current year.[34][35] By then, visitor questions and fan theories about the existence of a Stargate at the real Cheyenne Mountain complex had become so common that Cheyenne Mountain had installed a seemingly high-security door labeled "Stargate Command" for one of their storage rooms holding brooms and detergent.[36]

The first seven seasons had 22 episodes each, which was reduced to 20 episodes for the last three seasons. Episodes of the first seasons were filmed over a period of 7.5 working days, which decreased to a targeted average of six working days in the last seasons.[37] All episodes were filmed in 16:9 wide-screen, although Stargate SG-1 was broadcast in 4:3 aspect ratio in its first years.[38] The transition to the broadcast of episodes in the wider 16:9 ratio gave directors more freedom in frame composition.[39] The first three seasons of Stargate SG-1 were filmed on 16 mm film, notwithstanding scenes involving visual effects that had always been shot on 35 mm film for various technical reasons. After a test run with the season 3 finale, "Nemesis", Stargate SG-1 switched to 35 mm film for all purposes at the beginning of season 4.[40] Digital HD cameras were used for filming beginning with season 8.[37]

Production design

The art department generated all of the concepts and drawing for the prop department, the set decoration department, the construction department, the paint department, and the model shop. They also collaborated with the visual effects department.[29] Stargate SG-1 employed about 200 Canadian union workers, although that number could exceed 300 when new sets were built.[25] Lead production designer Richard Hudolin joined the project in October 1996. Bridget McGuire, SG-1's art director since the pilot episode, took over as lead production designer in season 6.[9][41]

Hudolin flew to Los Angeles in 1996 to gather material from the feature film as reference and found the original Stargate prop stored outside in the Californian desert. Although the prop had severely deteriorated, he was able to take a detailed mold for Stargate SG-1 production to build its own prop. The new Stargate was engineered to turn, to lock the chevrons, and to be computer-controlled to dial specific gate addresses. A portable Stargate prop was built for on-location shoots and required six workers and one full day to set up.[4][9] Since visual effects are sometimes faster and cheaper,[9] a computer-generated Stargate was occasionally used in on-location shoots in later seasons.[42]

The SGC set had to be twice as high for shooting as the 22 feet Stargate prop,[10] but one of Hudolin's original plans of a three-level set was rejected in favor of a two-level set.[9] The gateroom was the biggest room on set and could be redesigned for other scenes.[42] Two multi-purpose rooms were frequently redecorated into the infirmary, Daniel's lab, the cafeteria or the gym.[9][43] The SGC set and all other sets from the pilot episode were constructed within six weeks in January and February 1997, incorporating some original set pieces from the feature film.[9] The SGC set would be largely dismantled in late 2008 to make room for the Icarus Base set of Stargate Universe.[44]

Make-up and costumes

Most SG-1 main characters are US airmen and wear authentic United States Air Force uniforms. During missions, the members of the SG-1 team normally wear olive green Battle Dress Uniforms.[45] Richard Dean Anderson and Don S. Davis received a regular military-style haircut on set.[46][47] Amanda Tapping had her hair comparably short until the filming of the direct-to-DVD films. Playing a civilian, Michael Shanks adopted James Spader's hairstyle from the feature film but cut it short for the season 2 finale and subsequent seasons. The Jaffa alien Teal'c (Christopher Judge) was the only main character whose look required more than basic make-up. His Egyptian look was reflective of the Goa'uld Ra from the feature film and was complemented with a forehead symbol and a gold skin tone, although his make-up process was simplified over the years.[48] Judge shaved his head at home each day until the producers allowed him to let his hair grow in season 8.[46] As a trained nurse, key make-up artist Jan Newman could make burns, cuts, bruises and the SG-1 team's other wounds look authentic.[48]

For the look of aliens, the make-up department collaborated with prosthetics companies from Vancouver and Los Angeles, including Todd Masters. While the human origins of many alien races and human civilizations were left recognizable, the recurring Unas race required elaborate prosthetics and make-up work.[48] To mirror the independent development of the human civilizations after their displacement from Earth, the costume designers took elements of the respective Earth cultures, and combined them with modern fabrics, elaborate trims and chains that would give a historical yet otherworldly appearance.[49] The look of the Goa'uld such as Apophis was initially based on Ra in the feature film.[48] For the design of the Ori and the Priors in season 9, the art department looked at Japanese and Samurai garments for costume design. Art director James Robbins found the face painting, scarification and burns of remote jungle tribes mystical, serving as inspiration for the face scarification of the Priors and the Doci. Early considerations of finger extensions and scarification on their hands were discarded as impracticable.[50]

Visual effects

Stargate SG-1 was one of the biggest employers in the Vancouver visual effects market,[51] spending $400,000 per episode.[52] The largest role was played by Rainmaker Digital Effects,[51] whose senior digital compositing artist, Bruce Woloshyn, worked approximately 10 months a year in close collaboration with SG-1's visual effects supervisor/producer James Tichenor and visual effects supervisor Michelle Comens.[53] Many companies were hired to create the Stargate's water-like event horizon in the beginning, but Rainmaker eventually became the only company to create those visual effects.[38] Rainmaker's regular effects shots included the activation and use of the Stargate itself (with well over 300 event horizon shots in the first few years), the transport rings, and the blast shots of the staff weapons and zat guns. They created the visual effects for Goa'uld cargo ships and death gliders on a less regular basis.[53]

Lost Boys Studios provided visual effects for SG-1 from the very beginning of the series up to the end of season 5,[54] and Image Engine worked on the show from season 2. Stargate SG-1 and Stargate Atlantis were responsible for an estimated 30% to 40% of the business of Atmosphere Visual Effects.[51] James Tichenor considered the few episodes with big visual effects budgets the most likely works to contain visual cues that would impress award judges.[55] Stargate SG-1 helped win the local post production shops industry recognition, with season 4's "Small Victories", season 5's "Revelations" and season 7's "Lost City" receiving the most visual effects awards and nominations (see List of awards and nominations received by Stargate SG-1).

Music

According to composer Joel Goldsmith, Stargate SG-1 had a traditional action-adventure score, "with a sci-fi, fantasy flair" that goes "from comedy to drama to wondrous to suspense to heavy action to ethereal".[56] Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner had known Goldsmith since the second season of The Outer Limits before they approached him to work on the pilot episode of Stargate SG-1. Goldsmith and David Arnold, the composer of the original feature film score, discussed themes for a television adaptation. The main titles of Stargate SG-1 were a medley of several themes from the feature film, although Goldsmith also wrote a unique end title for SG-1 to establish the show as its own entity.[57] MGM eventually insisted on using Arnold's score in the pilot episode instead of Goldsmith's, but Brad Wright's 2009 direct-to-DVD recut of Children of the Gods uses Goldsmith's original score.[58]

For each episode's score, Goldsmith simulated a real orchestra with a synthesizer palette of an eighty-piece symphony orchestra for budgetary reasons,[57] although he occasionally used two or three musicians for added orchestral authenticity.[59] Goldsmith's long-time assistant Neal Acree started composing additional music for Stargate SG-1 in season 8.[60] The amount of composed music varied between 12 and 33 minutes out of a 44-minute episode, with an average of around 22 to 26 minutes,[60] making the full symphonic score of SG-1 more time-consuming to create than for general TV shows.[57] Since Goldsmith lived a thousand miles away from Vancouver, he and the producers discussed ideas over the phone[59] and exchanged tapes via Federal Express for several years until the show switched to Internet file transfers.[61]

Goldsmith's reliance on Arnold's score decreased over the seasons when Stargate SG-1 departed from the Goa'uld theme and introduced new characters and races. Goldsmith had a thematic approach to races and spaceships.[57] For example, he wanted a mechanical, repetitive musical motif for the Replicators;[61] Gothic, Gregorian, and Christian themes were the inspiration for the Ori motif.[57] The Ancient theme was deliberately carried over to Stargate Atlantis. The end of "Lost City" has a basic melody that would become part of the main title of Atlantis per a suggestion by Goldsmith's assistant.[61] Non-original music was rarely used on SG-1, although Goldsmith chose the aria "Vesti la giubba" from Leoncavallo's "Pagliaccio" for the season 3's "Shades of Grey".[26] Additionally, Lily Frost's song "Who am I" played in season 7's "Fragile Balance", and CCR's song "Have You Ever Seen the Rain?" played in the series finale "Unending". A television soundtrack with Goldsmith's adapted score was released in 1997,[62] followed by a best-of release in 2001.[63]

Opening title sequence

Stargate SG-1 has had several opening title sequences, which are generally preceded by a teaser act. The credits are normally sixty seconds long. Richard Dean Anderson was the only SG-1 actor whose name appeared before the show's title. Michael Shanks's name was moved near the end of the opening credits with the appendage "as Daniel Jackson" after his return to the show in season 7. Some DVD versions of early SG-1 seasons have different opening credits than the television versions, as do the direct-to-DVD films. Composer Joel Goldsmith adapted David Arnold's Stargate feature film score for SG-1's opening title theme, which remained the same during the run of Stargate SG-1 and its direct-to-DVD films.

The first opening title sequence, used in the first five seasons, shows a slow-pan camera move over Ra's mask. The Stargate SG-1 producers had run out of time before the premiere of season 1 and simply re-used the accelerated opening title sequence of the feature film.[64] Ra's mask had been created in the feature film's model shop and had originally been filmed with a motion-control camera.[65] Partly because Ra's mask looked cross-eyed, Brad Wright approached the art department in the following years to produce a new opening title sequence; however, the sequence remained the same until the show's move to the Sci-Fi Channel. During the first five seasons when the show was syndicated a separate introduction was used; this intro is still used by Sci-Fi for seasons 1-5. This version uses action shots of the original cast.[64][66]

The opening title sequence of the first two season 6 episodes shows a turning Stargate, for which a Frazier lens was put as close as Template:Frac inch (3 mm) to the Stargate prop.[66] The opening credits of the following episodes intercut this material with live-action shots of the characters from previous seasons and ended with the SG-1 team stepping through the Stargate. The opening credits stayed the same in the next two seasons except for minor clip and cast changes. The opening credits of season 9 intercut shots of the Stargate with action sequences similar to the previous opening credits, although the Stargate was visibly computer-generated. The Sci Fi Channel cut the opening credits from sixty to ten seconds in their original broadcast of the first half of season 9, but re-instated the full opening credits after strong negative fan reactions.[67] The writers poked fun at this move in SG-1's milestone episode "200" in season 10, showing a five-second clip instead of the full titles.[68] Beginning with season 10's "Company of Thieves", the last clip of the opening credits shows Vala Mal Doran almost missing SG-1's trip through the Stargate.

Collaboration with the military

The United States Air Force (USAF) cooperated closely with the Stargate SG-1 producers. Before the beginning of the series, the USAF granted production access to the Cheyenne Mountain complex to film stock shots. They also read every script for mistakes and provided help with plausible background stories for all characters, ribbons, uniform regulations, hair advice, plotlines, and military relationships.[69] The USAF flew up several T-38 Talon, F-15 and F-16 fighter jets to Vancouver for various episodes and direct-to-DVD films.[36][70][71] Many of the extras portraying USAF personnel were real USAF personnel.[72]

Two successive Chiefs of Staff of the USAF, Generals Michael E. Ryan and John P. Jumper, appeared as themselves in season 4's "Prodigy" and season 7's "Lost City", respectively. General Jumper's second scheduled appearance in season 9's "The Fourth Horseman" was cancelled due to ongoing conflicts in the Middle East.[71] The Air Force Association recognized Richard Dean Anderson at its 57th annual dinner on September 14, 2004 for his work as actor and executive producer of the show, and for the show's positive depiction of the Air Force.[72]

Stargate SG-1 also received support from the United States and other international navies. Several scenes of season 4's "Small Victories" were filmed aboard and outside of a Russian Foxtrot-class submarine, which had been brought from Vladivostok to Vancouver.[9] The United States Navy invited the cast and producers to film aboard the nuclear submarine USS Alexandria (SSN-757) and at their Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station in the Arctic for Stargate: Continuum.[73]

This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Stargate SG-1 . The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Semantic Stargate Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0).
  1. ↑ In Semantic Stargate Wiki, Stargate Infinity is not considered as part of the Stargate canon.
  2. ↑ In Semantic Stargate Wiki, all merchandise (including books, games,…) is not considered as part of the Stargate canon.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Eramo, Steven (July 2005). "Michael Shanks – Curious Mind". TV Zone (Special 64): 40–42. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Wright, Brad; Glassner, Jonathan; Greenburg, Michael; Anderson, Richard Dean; Shanks, Michael (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Timeline To The Future – Part 1: Legacy Of The Gate (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named booker_181
  6. ↑ Sumner, David (June 30, 2008). "Don S. Davis: 1942-2008". GateWorld. Retrieved 2012-05-18. 
  7. ↑ Wright, Brad (2006). Stargate SG-1: Season 9 – Profile On: Brad Wright (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  8. ↑ Eramo, Steven (2002). "Richard Dean Anderson – Mr Anderson – Colonel O'Neill". TV Zone (Special 46): 4–9.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Hudolin, Richard (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Production Design: Richard Hudolin (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Wright, Brad and Glassner, Jonathan (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Producing Stargate (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  11. ↑ Shanks, Michael (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Profile On Daniel Jackson (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  12. ↑ Davis, Don. S (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Profile On General Hammond (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  13. ↑ Read, David (2006). "Intimate Portrait – GateWorld talks with Don S. Davis (Part 1)". GateWorld. Retrieved 2012-05-18.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Storm 2005, pp. 61–63.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Eramo, Steven (2002). "Corin Nemec – Jonas Quinn". TV Zone (Special 46): 22–26.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  16. ↑ "Stargate Cast Returning". scifi.com. November 15, 2002. Archived from the original on March 25, 2005. Retrieved 2008-11-01. 
  17. ↑ Read, David (2006). "Intimate Portrait – GateWorld talks with Don S. Davis (Part 2)". GateWorld. Retrieved 2008-12-29.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  18. ↑ "Vala Unveiled". Official Stargate Magazine: 20–21. April 2006. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Rudolph, Illeane (February 27, 2006). "Black Is Back". TV Guide (February 27 – March 5, 2006): 41. 
  20. ↑ Gibson 2003, p. 66, p. 117.
  21. ↑ Eramo, Steven (July 2005). "Ben Browder – Work in progress". TV Zone (Special 64): 12–16. 
  22. ↑ Mallozzi, Joseph (July 2005). "In the Making – Avalon Part 1". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-07. 
  23. ↑ Eramo, Steven (July 2005). "Beau Bridges – Helping Bridge the Gap". TV Zone (Special 64): 50–52. 
  24. ↑ Sumner, Darren (2006). "I, Claudia – GateWorld talks with Claudia Black". GateWorld. Retrieved 2008-01-14.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named vs_success
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Sumner, Darren (2002). "Interviews – Brad Wright". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-24.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  27. ↑ "Will SG-1 gate to Season Nine?". GateWorld. August 8, 2004. Retrieved 2009-03-25. 
  28. ↑ Sumner, Darren (February 28, 2005). "New seasons begin filming in Vancouver". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-25. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Hudolin, Richard; Greenburg, Michael; Smith, N. John (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Timeline To The Future – Part 2: Secrets Of The Gate (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Sumner, Darren & Read, David (February 18, 2009). "Stargate Universe begins principal photography". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-02-18. 
  31. ↑ Dempsey, John (August 26, 2002). "'Stargate' levitates". Variety. Retrieved 2009-03-26. 
  32. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mcn_200
  33. ↑ Heckman, Candace and Chansanchai, Athima (December 12, 2005). "Vancouver: A sci-fi film and TV fan's paradise". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved 2009-03-21. 
  34. ↑ Mallozzi, Joseph, Gero, Martin (2006). Audio Commentary for "The Ties That Bind" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  35. ↑ Wood, Martin (2004). Stargate SG-1: Season 7 – Audio Commentary for "Fallen" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Wood, Martin; Tapping, Amanda (2008). Stargate: The Ark of Truth – Stargate at Comic-Con (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Waring, Will and Menard, Jim (2005). Stargate SG-1 Season 8 – Audio Commentary for "Lockdown" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. Event occurs at 1 and 8 min. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Woloshyn, Bruce (February 2005). "A Day At Rainmaker – GateWorld talks with Bruce Woloshyn. Event occurs at 13 min. Retrieved 2009-03-26. 
  39. ↑ Waring, Will and McCullough, Alan (2007). Stargate SG-1 Season 10 – Audio Commentary for "Dominion" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. Event occurs at 7  min. 
  40. ↑ Tichenor, James (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 4 – Audio Commentary for "Small Victories" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  41. ↑ Gibson 2003, p. 130.
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Wood, Martin and Tichenor, James (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 4 – Audio Commentary for "Upgrades" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  43. ↑ Wood, Martin (2003). Stargate SG-1: Season 6 – Audio Commentary for "Redemption", Part 1 (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  44. ↑ Mallozzi, Joseph (January 20, 2009). "January 20, 2009: The Return of Norman Shuttlecock Junior". WordPress. Retrieved 2009-01-21. 
  45. ↑ Science Fiction in the Cinema – Stargate. Discovery Channel. 2006. Event occurs at 29 min. 
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 Eramo, Steven (2004). "Christopher Judge – Judge For Yourself". TV Zone (Special 58): 28–32.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  47. ↑ Gibson 2003, p. 144.
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 Eramo, Steven (2002). "Jan Newman – Born With It – Make-up". TV Zone (Special 46): 62–65.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  49. ↑ McQuarrie, Christina (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 3 – Costume Design: Christina McQuarrie (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  50. ↑ Eramo, Steven (July 2005). "Stargate SG-1 Season 9 preview - Nine Lives". TV Zone (Special 64): 24–30; 44–48 56–60. 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 Careless, James (May 1, 2006). "B.C. post shops create series' alien worlds". Playback. Retrieved 2012-03-31. 
  52. ↑ Gibson 2003, p. 8.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Sumner, Darren (2002). "GateWorld talks with Bruce Woloshyn". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-31.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  54. ↑ "Lostboys Studios: Digital Effects For Film & Television". Lost Boys Studios. Retrieved 2009-05-22. 
  55. ↑ Zahed, Ramin (August 8, 2001). "Emmys nominees: Sci-fiers impress with innovative effects". Variety. Retrieved 2008-03-14. 
  56. ↑ Burlingame, Jon (July 29, 2002). "Sci-fi series: a musical odyssey". Variety. Retrieved 2009-03-26. 
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.4 Read, David (2006). "Gate Harmonics – GateWorld talks with Joel Goldsmith (Part 1)". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-24.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  58. ↑ Sumner, Daren and Read, David (2008). "Breaking The Ice – GateWorld talks with Brad Wright (Part 2)". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-24.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Gibson 2003, pp. 150–151.
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 Read, Darren (2009). "The Language of Emotion – GateWorld talks with Neal Acree". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-31.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 61.2 Read, David (2006). "Gate Harmonics – GateWorld talks with Joel Goldsmith (Part 2)". GateWorld. Retrieved 2009-03-24.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (|date= suggested) (help)
  62. ↑ "Stargate SG-1 Soundtrack". SoundtrackNet. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
  63. ↑ Goldwasser, Dan (29 August 2001). "The Best of Stargate SG-1 Soundtrack". SoundtrackNet. Retrieved 29 May 2010. 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 DeLuise, Peter and Tichenor, James (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 4 – Audio Commentary for "The Other Side" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  65. ↑ Devlin, Dean and Emmerich, Roland (2001). Audio Commentary for Stargate (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Mikita, Andy; Kindler, Damien; Menard, Jim (2001). Stargate SG-1: Season 6 – Audio Commentary for "Cure" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  67. ↑ Sumner, Darren (September 1, 2005). "SCI FI to reinstate full-length openings". GateWorld. Retrieved 2007-07-20. 
  68. ↑ Cooper, Robert C. and Wright, Brad (2007). Stargate SG-1: Season 10 – Audio Commentary for "200" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  69. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named dvdbeyond
  70. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tvzones46_66
  71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 Mikita, Andy and Kindler, Damian (2006). Stargate SG-1: Season 9 – Audio Commentary for "The Fourth Horseman", Part 1 (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. 
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 Thar, Doug (September 9, 2004). "Air Force to honor actor, producer". Air Force Link. Retrieved 2009-03-17. 
  73. ↑ "SG-1 headed to the Arctic". MGM. March 14, 2007. Retrieved 2009-05-17. 
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